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Mercury in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and rice-paddy soils under long-term fertilizer and organic amendment

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Tang, Zhenya 1 ; Fan, Fangling 1 ; Wang, Xinyue 1 ; Shi, Xiaojun 1 ; Deng, Shiping 4 ; Wang, Dingyong 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Southwest Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Chongqing, Peoples R China

2.Chongqing Key Lab Agr Resources & Environm, Chongqing, Peoples R China

3.Southwest Univ, Natl Long Term Fertilizer Expt Stn Purple Soil, Chongqing, Peoples R China

4.Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA

关键词： Rice;Methylmerctuy;Total mercury;Chemical fertilizer;Swine manure;Rice straw;Calcium superphosphate

期刊名称：ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY （ 影响因子：6.2； 五年影响因子：6.3 ）

ISSN： 0147-6513

年卷期： 2018 年 150 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： High levels of mercury (Hg), especially methylmercury (MeHg), in rice is of concern due to its potential of entering food chain and the high toxicity to human. The level and form of Hg in rice could be influenced by fertilizers and other soil amendments. Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of 24 years application of chemical fertilizers and organic amendments on total Hg (THg) and MeHg and their transloeation in soil, plants, and rice grain. All treatments led to significantly higher concentrations of MeHg in grain than those from the untreated control. Of nine treatments tested, chemical fertilizers combining with returning rice straw (NPK1 + S) led to highest MeHg concentration in grain and soil; while the nitrogen and potassium (NK) treatment led to significantly higher THg in grain. Concentrations of soil MeHg were significantly correlated with THg in soil (r = 0.59***) and MeHg in grain (r = 0.48***). Calcium superphosphate negatively affected plant bioavailability of soil Hg. MeHg concentration in rice was heavily influenced by soil Hg levels. Phosphorus fertilizer was a main source contributing to soil THg, while returning rice straw to the field contributed significantly to MeHg in soil and rice grain. As a result, caution should be exercised in soil treatment or when utilizing Hg-contaminated soils to produce rice for human consumption. Strategic management of rice straw and phosphorus fertilizer could be effective strategies of lowering soil Hg, which would ultimately lower MeHg in rice and the risk of Hg entering food chain.

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