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Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in soil on earthworm growth and reproduction, enzymatic activities, and metabolomics

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yang, Xiaoxia 1 ; Zhang, Xuemei 1 ; Shu, Xiao 1 ; Zhang, Wei 1 ; Kai, Jianrong 2 ; Tang, Mingfeng 1 ; Gong, Jiuping 1 ; Yang, Junying 1 ; Lin, Junjie 2 ; Chai, Yong 1 ; Liu, Jianfei 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Inst Agr Qual Stand & Testing Technol, Chongqing Acad Agr Sci, Chongqing 401329, Peoples R China

2.Inst Qual Stand & Testing Technol, Ningxia Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Yinchuan 750000, Peoples R China

3.Chongqing Three Gorges Univ, Key Lab Water Environm Evolut & Pollut Control Thr, Chongqing 404100, Peoples R China

4.Nongke Ave, Chongqing 401329, Peoples R China

关键词： Cytochrome P450 isoforms; Metabolite biomarkers; Metabolic pathways

期刊名称：ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY （ 影响因子：6.2； 五年影响因子：6.3 ）

ISSN： 0147-6513

年卷期： 2022 年 246 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Increased production and environmental release of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) increase soil exposure and potential risk to earthworms. However, MWCNT toxicity to earthworms remains unclear, with some studies identifying negative effects and others negligible effects. In this study, to determine whether exposure to MWCNTs negatively affects earthworms and to elucidate possible mechanisms of toxicity, earth-worms were exposed to sublethal soil concentrations of MWCNTs (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for 28 days. Earth-worm growth and reproduction, activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms (1A2, 2C9, and 3A4) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-s-transferase (GST)), and metabolomics were determined. Effects of MWCNTs on earthworms depended on exposure concentration. Exposure to MWCNTs did not significantly affect growth and reproduction of individual earthworms. Exposure to 50 mg/kg MWCNTs significantly increased activities of CYP2C9, CYP3A4, SOD, CAT, and GST but clearly reduced levels of L-aspartate, L-asparagine, and glutamine. With exposure to 100 mg/kg MWCNTs, toxic effects on earthworms were observed, with significant inhibition in activities of CYP isoenzymes and SOD, significant reductions in L-aspartate, L-asparagine, glutamine, and tryptophan, and simultaneous accumulations of citrate, isocitrate, fumarate, 2-oxoglutarate, pyruvate, D-galactose, carbamoyl phosphate, formyl anthranilate, hypo-xanthine, and xanthine. Results suggest that toxicity of MWCNTs to earthworms is associated with reduced detoxification capacity, excessive oxidative stress, and disturbance of multiple metabolic pathways, including amino acids metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, D-galactose metabolism, and purine metabolism. The study provides new insights to better understand and predict the toxicity of MWCNTs in soil.

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